EVENTS:
- 1918 – Austria becomes a republic.
- 1956 – Morocco, Sudan and Tunisia join the United Nations.
- 1968 – Equatorial Guinea joins the United Nations.
- 1970 – The 1970 Bhola cyclone makes landfall on the coast of East Pakistan becoming the deadliest tropical cyclone in history.
- 1975 – The Comoros joins the United Nations.
- 1999 – The Düzce earthquake strikes Turkey with a magnitude of 7.2 on the Richter scale.
- 2001 – In New York City, American Airlines Flight 587, an Airbus A300 en route to the Dominican Republic, crashes minutes after takeoff from John F. Kennedy International Airport, killing all 260 on board and five on the ground.
- 2003 – Shanghai Transrapid sets a new world speed record (501 kilometres per hour (311 mph)) for commercial railway systems, which remains the fastest for unmodified commercial rail vehicles.
- 2015 – Two suicide bombers detonated explosives in Bourj el-Barajneh, Beirut, killing 43 people and injuring over 200 others.
- 2017 – The 7.3 Mw Kermanshah earthquake shakes the northern Iran–Iraq border with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe). At least 410 people were killed and over 7,000 were injured.
- 2021 – The Los Angeles Superior Court formally ends the 14-year conservatorship to pop singer Britney Spears.
- 2022 – A Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress and a Bell P-63 Kingcobra collide in mid-air over Dallas Executive Airport during an airshow, killing six.
BIRTHS:
- 1842 – John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1919)
- 1896 – Salim Ali, Indian ornithologist and author (d. 1987)
- 1910 – Dudley Nourse, South African cricketer (d. 1981)
- 1939 – Terry McDonald, English footballer
- 1948 – Cliff Harris, American football player
- 1977 – Benni McCarthy, South African footballer
- 1979 – Matt Stevic, Australian footballer and umpire
- 1982 – Mikele Leigertwood, English footballer
- 1986 – Nedum Onuoha, English footballer
- 1986 – Robert Müller, German footballer
HOLIDAYS and OBSERVANCES:
