EVENTS:
- 1699 – Guru Gobind Singh, the Tenth Sikh Guru, Created Khalsa on this day at Anandpur Sahib, Punjab.
- 1796 – The first elephant ever seen in the United States arrives from India.
- 1870 – The New York City Metropolitan Museum of Art is founded.
- 1919 – Jallianwala Bagh massacre: British troops gun down at least 379 unarmed demonstrators in Amritsar, India; at least 1200 are wounded.
- 1953 – CIA director Allen Dulles launches the mind-control program Project MKUltra.
- 1960 – The United States launches Transit 1-B, the world’s first satellite navigation system.
- 1970 – An oxygen tank aboard Apollo 13 explodes, putting the crew in great danger and causing major damage to the spacecraft while en route to the Moon.
- 1974 – Western Union (in cooperation with NASA and Hughes Aircraft) launches the United States’ first commercial geosynchronous communications satellite, Westar 1.
- 1984 – India moves into Siachen Glacier thus annexing more territory from the Line of Control.
- 1997 – Tiger Woods becomes the youngest golfer to win the Masters Tournament.
- 2014 – A bus traveling from Villahermosa to Mexico City crashes into a tractor-trailer and catches fire, killing at least 36 people.
- 2017 – The US drops the largest ever nonnuclear bomb on Nangarhar, Afghanistan.
- 2023 – The house of Jack Teixeira is raided in an investigation into leaked Pentagon documents; he is arrested on the same day.
- 2024 – Six people and the perpetrator are killed and twelve others injured in a mass stabbing at Westfield Bondi Junction shopping centre in Sydney, Australia.
BIRTHS:
- 1890 – Dadasaheb Torne, Indian director and producer (d. 1960)
- 1892 – Robert Watson-Watt, Scottish engineer, invented the Radar (d. 1973)
- 1899 – Alfred Mosher Butts, American architect and game designer, created Scrabble (d. 1993)
- 1916 – Phyllis Fraser, American actress, journalist, and publisher, co-founded Beginner Books (d. 2006)
- 1917 – Robert Orville Anderson, American businessman, founded Atlantic Richfield Oil Co. (d. 2007)
- 1940 – J. M. G. Le Clézio, French author and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1941 – Michael Stuart Brown, American geneticist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1990 – Alyssa Mendonsa, Indian singer
HOLIDAYS and OBSERVANCES:
