EVENTS:
- 1926 – El Virilla train accident, Costa Rica: A train falls off a bridge over the Río Virilla between Heredia and Tibás. 248 are killed and 93 wounded.
- 1936 – The first all-sound film version of Show Boat opens at Radio City Music Hall. (There had been a part-talkie, part-silent version of Show Boat in 1929.)
- 1939 – Slovakia declares independence under German pressure.
- 1950 – United Nations Security Council Resolution 80 is adopted.
- 1979 – In China, a Hawker Siddeley Trident crashes into a factory near Beijing, killing at least 200.
- 1980 – In Poland, LOT Flight 7 crashes during final approach near Warsaw, killing 87 people, including a 14-man American boxing team.
- 2006 – Members of the Chadian military fail in an attempted coup d’état.
- 2007 – The first World Maths Day was celebrated
- 2008 – A series of riots, protests, and demonstrations erupt in Lhasa and elsewhere in Tibet.
- 2017 – A naming ceremony for the chemical element nihonium takes place in Tokyo, with then Crown Prince Naruhito in attendance.
- 2019 – Cyclone Idai makes landfall near Beira, Mozambique, causing devastating floods and over 1,000 deaths.
- 2021 – Burmese security forces kill at least 65 civilians in the Hlaingthaya massacre.
BIRTHS:
- 1854 – Paul Ehrlich, German physician and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1915)
- 1879 – Albert Einstein, German-American physicist, engineer, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1955)
- 1912 – Cliff Bastin, English footballer (d. 1991)
- 1937 – Peter van der Merwe, South African cricketer and referee (d. 2013)
- 1938 – John Gleeson, Australian cricketer
- 1944 – Bobby Smith, English footballer and manager
- 1949 – Farida Jalal, Indian actress
- 1963 – Bruce Reid, Australian cricketer and coach
- 1965 – Aamir Khan, Indian actor, director and producer
- 1972 – Irom Chanu Sharmila, Indian poet and activist
- 1974 – Rohit Shetty, Indian actor, director, and cinematographer
- 1980 – Aaron Brown, English footballer and coach
- 1986 – Andy Taylor, English footballer
HOLIDAYS and OBSERVANCES:
