EVENTS:
- 1580 – The Ostrog Bible, one of the early printed Bibles in a Slavic language, is published.
- 1799 – Ranjit Singh conquers Lahore and becomes Maharaja of The Punjab (Sikh Empire) .
- 1879 – The National Guards Unit of Bulgaria is founded.
- 1920 – The Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty is signed. Soviet Russia recognizes independent Lithuania.
- 1932 – Hedley Verity takes a cricket world record 10 wickets for 10 runs in a county match for Yorkshire.
- 1971 – The Australian Aboriginal Flag is flown for the first time.
- 1973 – A fire destroys the entire 6th floor of the National Personnel Records Center of the United States.
- 1975 – São Tomé and Príncipe declare independence from Portugal.
- 1979 – The island nation of Kiribati becomes independent from United Kingdom.
- 2013 – 6 people are killed and 200 injured in a passenger train derailment in Brétigny-sur-Orge, France.
BIRTHS:
- 1900 – Chhabi Biswas, Indian actor (d. 1962)
- 1904 – Pablo Neruda, Chilean poet, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1973)
- 1913 – Willis Lamb, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2008)
- 1928 – Elias James Corey, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1933 – Victor Poor, American engineer, developed the Datapoint 2200 (d. 2012)
- 1938 – Jaishankar, Indian actor (d. 2000)
- 1952 – Voja Antonić, Serbian computer scientist and journalist, designed the Galaksija computer
- 1954 – Sulakshana Pandit, Indian actress and singer
- 1956 – Tony Galvin, English footballer, who represented Republic of Ireland
- 1962 – Dean Wilkins, English footballer and manager
- 1965 – Sanjay Manjrekar, Indian cricketer and sportscaster
- 1986 – Didier Digard, French footballer
- 1995 – Luke Shaw, English footballer
- 1997 – Daniel Lawrence, English cricketer
- 1997 – Malala Yousafzai, Pakistani-English activist, Nobel Prize laureate
HOLIDAYS and OBSERVANCES:
- Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Kiribati from the United Kingdom in 1979.
- Independence Day, celebrates the independence of São Tomé and Príncipe from Portugal in 1975.
- The second day of Naadam. (Mongolia)
- The Twelfth, also known as Orangemen’s Day (Northern Ireland, Newfoundland and Labrador)
- Malala Day
