EVENTS:
- 1919 – Afghanistan gains full independence from the United Kingdom.
- 1927 – Metropolitan Sergius proclaims the declaration of loyalty of the Russian Orthodox Church to the Soviet Union.
- 1960 – Sputnik program: Korabl-Sputnik 2: The Soviet Union launches the satellite with the dogs Belka and Strelka, 40 mice, two rats and a variety of plants.
- 1964 – Syncom 3, the first geostationary communication satellite, was launched.
- 2012 – A plane crash kills 32 people in Sudan.
- 2013 – A train accident in India kills at least 37 people and injures over a dozen.
- 2017 – Tens of thousands of farmed non-native Atlantic salmon are accidentally released into the wild in Washingtonwaters in the 2017 Cypress Island Atlantic salmon pen break.
BIRTHS:
- 1835 – Tom Wills, Australian cricketer and umpire, co-founded Australian rules football (d. 1880)
- 1871 – Orville Wright, American pilot, inventor, and businessman, co-founded the Wright Company (d. 1948)
- 1887 – S. Satyamurti, Indian lawyer and politician (d. 1943)
- 1907 – Hazari Prasad Dwivedi, Indian historian, author, and scholar (d. 1979)
- 1924 – Willard Boyle, Canadian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2011)
- 1947 – Terry Hoeppner, American football player and coach (d. 2007)
- 1950 – Graeme Beard, Australian cricketer
- 1950 – Sudha Murthy, Indian social worker and author
- 1973 – Carl Bulfin, New Zealand cricketer
- 1988 – Kirk Cousins, American football player
HOLIDAYS and OBSERVANCES:
- Independence Day, commemorates the Treaty of Rawalpindi in 1919, granting independence from Britain (Afghanistan)
- National Aviation Day (United States)
- World Humanitarian Day (International)
- National Potato Day (United States)
- World Humanitarian Day (International)
