EVENTS:
- 1682 – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania is founded.
- 1904 – The first underground New York City Subway line opens; the system becomes the biggest in United States, and one of the biggest in world.
- 1961 – NASA tests the first Saturn I rocket in Mission Saturn-Apollo 1.
- 1961 – Mauritania and Mongolia join the United Nations.
- 1971 – The Democratic Republic of the Congo is renamed Zaire.
- 1979 – Saint Vincent and the Grenadines gains its independence from the United Kingdom.
- 1991 – Turkmenistan achieves independence from the Soviet Union.
- 2012 – A 7.7 magnitude earthquake strikes off the coast of British Columbia near Haida Gwaii.
- 2014 – Britain withdraws from Afghanistan after the end of Operation Herrick which started on June 20, 2002 after 12 years four months and seven days.
- 2017 – Catalonia declares independence from Spain.
- 2018 – A gunman opens fire on a Pittsburgh synagogue killing 11 and injuring 6, including 4 police officers.
- 2018 – Leicester City F.C. owner Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha dies in a helicopter crash along with four others after a Premier League match against West Ham United at the King Power Stadium in Leicester, England.
- 2019 – Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant founder and leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi kills himself and three children by detonating a suicide vest during the U.S. military Barisha raid in northwestern Syria.
BIRTHS:
- 1844 – Klas Pontus Arnoldson, Swedish journalist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1916)
- 1858 – Theodore Roosevelt, American colonel and politician, 26th President of the United States, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1919)
- 1920 – K. R. Narayanan, Indian politician, 10th President of India (d. 2005)
- 1941 – Dave Costa, American football player (d. 2013)
- 1954 – Chris Tavaré, English cricketer and biologist
- 1957 – Glenn Hoddle, English footballer and manager
- 1964 – Mark Taylor, Australian cricketer and sportscaster
- 1964 – Ian Wells, English footballer (d. 2013)
- 1968 – Vinny Samways, English footballer and manager
- 1972 – Lee Clark, English footballer and manager
- 1976 – Maneet Chauhan, Indian-American chef and author
- 1977 – Kumar Sangakkara, Sri Lankan cricketer
- 1984 – Irfan Pathan, Indian cricketer
- 1986 – David Warner, Australian cricketer
- 1997 – Lonzo Ball, American basketball player
HOLIDAYS and OBSERVANCES:
- Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines from United Kingdom in 1979.
- Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Turkmenistan from USSR in 1991.
- Navy Day (United States), first organized to be on this day.
- World Day for Audiovisual Heritage (International)
- Flag Day (Greece)
