EVENTS:
- 1813 – Jane Austen‘s Pride and Prejudice is first published in the United Kingdom.
- 1846 – The Battle of Aliwal, India, is won by British troops commanded by Sir Harry Smith.
- 1851 – Northwestern University becomes the first chartered university in Illinois.
- 1887 – In a snowstorm at Fort Keogh, Montana, the world’s largest snowflakes are reported, 15 inches (38 cm) wide and 8 inches (20 cm) thick.
- 1902 – The Carnegie Institution of Washington is founded in Washington, D.C. with a $10 million gift from Andrew Carnegie.
- 1933 – The name Pakistan is coined by Choudhry Rahmat Ali Khan and is accepted by the Indian Muslims who then thereby adopted it further for the Pakistan Movement seeking independence.
- 1984 – Tropical Storm Domoina makes landfall in southern Mozambique, eventually causing 214 deaths and some of the most severe flooding so far recorded in the region.
- 1986 – Space Shuttle program: STS-51-L mission: Space Shuttle Challenger explodes after liftoff, killing all seven astronauts on board.
- 2002 – TAME Flight 120, a Boeing 727-100 crashes in the Andes mountains in southern Colombia, killing 92.
- 2006 – The roof of one of the buildings at the Katowice International Fair in Chorzów/Katowice, Poland, collapses due to the weight of snow, killing 65 and injuring more than 170 others.
- 2010 – Five murderers of President Sheikh Mujibur Rahman of Bangladesh are hanged.
- 2016 – The World Health Organization announces an outbreak of the Zika virus.
- 2021 – A nitrogen leak at a poultry food processing facility in Gainesville, Georgia kills six and injures at least ten.
- 2023 – Protests begin after police beat and kill Tyre Nichols.
BIRTHS:
- 1865 – Lala Lajpat Rai, Indian author and politician (d. 1928)
- 1880 – Herbert Strudwick, English cricketer and coach (d. 1970)
- 1922 – Robert W. Holley, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1993)
- 1925 – Raja Ramanna, Indian physicist and politician (d. 2004)
- 1938 – Tomas Lindahl, Swedish-English biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1967 – Billy Brownless, Australian footballer and sportscaster
- 1972 – Nicky Southall, English footballer and manager
- 1984 – Stephen Gostkowski, American football player
- 1986 – Asad Shafiq, Pakistani cricketer
- 1988 – Paul Henry, English footballer
HOLIDAYS and OBSERVANCES:
