EVENTS:
- 1698 – Thomas Savery patents the first steam engine.
- 1777 – Vermont becomes the first American territory to abolish slavery.
- 1823 – Bahia Independence Day: the end of Portuguese rule in Brazil, with the final defeat of the Portuguese crown loyalists in the province of Bahia.
- 1940 – Indian independence leader Subhas Chandra Bose is arrested and detained in Calcutta.
- 2001 – The AbioCor self-contained artificial heart is first implanted.
- 2002 – Steve Fossett becomes the first person to fly solo around the world nonstop in a balloon.
- 2013 – A 6.1 magnitude earthquake strikes Aceh, Indonesia, killing at least 42 people and injuring 420 others.
- 2015 – A bridge collapses under a Pakistan Army train at Gujranwala, killing nineteen and injuring over 100.
- 2016 – An Australian federal election results in a one-seat majority for the incumbent government led by Malcolm Turnbull. Turnbull claimed victory on July 9, a week after the election.
- 2016 – Suicide bombing of Karrada in Baghdad kills at least 341 people.
- 2024 – A stampede during a religious event in Uttar Pradesh, India, leaves at least 121 people dead and 150 others injured.
BIRTHS:
- 1862 – William Henry Bragg, English physicist, chemist, and mathematician Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1942)
- 1877 – Hermann Hesse, German-Swiss author and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1962)
- 1906 – Hans Bethe, German-American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005)
- 1923 – Wisława Szymborska, Polish poet, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2012)
- 1971 – Troy Brown, American football player
- 1981 – Nathan Ellington, English footballer
- 1987 – Esteban Granero, Spanish footballer
- 1990 – Danny Rose, English footballer
- 1996 – Julia Grabher, Austrian tennis player
