EVENTS:
- 1862 – The Russian State Library is founded.
- 1870 – The United States Department of Justice formally comes into existence.
- 1874 – The Sholes and Glidden typewriter, the first commercially successful typewriter, goes on sale.
- 1881 – The world’s first international telephone call is made between St. Stephen, New Brunswick, Canada, and Calais, Maine, United States.
- 1921 – The Communist Party of China is founded.
- 1948 – Muhammad Ali Jinnah (Quaid-i-Azam) inaugurates Pakistan’s central bank, the State Bank of Pakistan.
- 1960 – Independence of Somalia.
- 1962 – Independence of Rwanda.
- 1962 – Independence of Burundi.
- 1963 – ZIP codes are introduced for United States mail.
- 1979 – Sony introduces the Walkman.
- 2013 – Neptune’s moon S/2004 N 1 is discovered.
- 2015 – The Baron 1898 in amusement park the Efteling opens.
- 2016 – Latvia becomes the 35th member of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
- 2020 – The United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement replaces NAFTA.[29]
- 2024 – At the centennial ceremony of the Dominion of Newfoundland National War Memorial, the Commonwealth War Graves Commission allowed an unprecedented second Canadian Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. The Royal Newfoundland Regiment solder was entombed in the memorial at this ceremony
BIRTHS:
- 1807 – Thomas Green Clemson, American politician and educator, founded Clemson University (d. 1888)
- 1879 – Léon Jouhaux, French union leader, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1954)
- 1913 – Vasantrao Naik, Indian politician, 3rd Chief Minister of Maharashtra (d. 1979)
- 1925 – Amar Kant, Indian author (d. 2012)
- 1926 – Robert Fogel, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)
- 1929 – Gerald Edelman, American biologist and immunologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2014)
- 1938 – Hariprasad Chaurasia, Indian flute player
- 1941 – Alfred G. Gilman, American pharmacologist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1941 – Myron Scholes, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1949 – Venkaiah Naidu, Indian politician
- 1988 – Dedé, Brazilian footballer
- 1990 – Ben Coker, English footballer
- 1998 – Susan Bandecchi, Swiss tennis player
HOLIDAYS and OBSERVANCES:
- Doctors’ Day (India)
- Hong Kong SAR Establishment Day (Hong Kong)
- Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Burundi from Belgium in 1962.
- Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Rwanda from Belgium in 1962.
- Memorial Day (Newfoundland and Labrador)
- Republic Day (Ghana)
- Republic Day, celebrates the independence of Somalia from Italy and the unification of British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland to form Somali Republic. (Somalia)
- Children’s Day (Pakistan)
- Independence Day (Somalia)
- International Tartan Day
