EVENTS:
- 1827 – Slavery is abolished in New York State.
- 1837 – Grand Junction Railway, the world’s first long-distance railway, opens between Birmingham and Liverpool.
- 1865 – Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland is published.
- 1886 – The people of France offer the Statue of Liberty to the people of the United States.
- 1887 – The founder of Pakistan, Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, joins Sindh-Madrasa-tul-Islam, Karachi.
- 1903 – Dorothy Levitt is reported as the first woman in the world to compete in a ‘motor race’.
- 1911 – A massive heat wave strikes the northeastern United States, killing 380 people in eleven days and breaking temperature records in several cities.
- 1947 – The “Indian Independence Bill” is presented before the British House of Commons, proposing the independence of the Provinces of British India into two sovereign countries: India and Pakistan.
- 1951 – William Shockley announced the invention of the junction transistor.
- 2009 – The Statue of Liberty’s crown reopens to the public after eight years of closure due to security concerns following the September 11 attacks.
- 2016 – The arrival of the Juno probe to Jupiter.
- 2024 – The Labour Party, led by Keir Starmer, wins a landslide majority in the 2024 United Kingdom general election, ending 14 years of Conservative government.
BIRTHS:
- 1897 – Alluri Sita Rama Raju, Indian activist (d. 1924)
- 1921 – Gérard Debreu, French economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2004)
- 1928 – Giampiero Boniperti, Italian footballer
- 1931 – Rick Casares, American football player (d. 2013)
- 1969 – Al Golden, American football player and coach
- 1969 – Wilfred Mugeyi, Zimbabwean footballer and coach
- 1971 – Ned Zelić, Australian footballer
- 1973 – Tony Popovic, Australian footballer and manager
- 1989 – Benjamin Büchel, English footballer
- 1993 – Tom Barkhuizen, English footballer
HOLIDAYS and OBSERVANCES:
