EVENTS:
- 1885 – Japan’s first patent is issued to the inventor of a rust-proof paint.
- 1893 – France becomes the first country to introduce motor vehicle registration.
- 1935 –Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Social Security Act, creating a government pension system for the retired.
- 1947 – Pakistan gains Independence from the British Empire and joins the Commonwealth of Nations.
- 1959 – Founding and first official meeting of the American Football League.
- 1971 – Bahrain declares independence as the State of Bahrain.
- 1972 – An East German Ilyushin Il-62 crashes during takeoff from East Berlin, killing 156.
- 1973 – The Pakistani Constitution of 1973 comes into effect.
- 2010 – The first-ever Youth Olympic Games are held in Singapore.
- 2013 – Egypt declares a state of emergency as security forces kill hundreds of demonstrators supporting former president Mohamed Morsi.
- 2015 – The US Embassy in Havana, Cuba re-opens after 54 years of being closed when Cuba–United States relations were broken off.
- 2018 – Thirty-five people die when a bridge connecting Genoa with Liguria in northern Italy collapses.
- 2021 – A magnitude 7.2 earthquake strikes southwestern Haiti, killing at least 2,248 people and causing a humanitarian crisis.
- 2022 – An explosion destroys a market in Armenia, killing six people and injuring dozens.
- 2023 – Former U.S. President Donald Trump is charged in Georgia along with 18 others in attempting to overturn the results of the 2020 election in that state, his fourth indictment of 2023.
BIRTHS:
- 1867 – John Galsworthy, English author and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1933)
- 1895 – Jack Gregory, Australian cricketer (d. 1973)
- 1911 – Vethathiri Maharishi, Indian spiritual leader (d. 2006)
- 1933 – Richard R. Ernst, Swiss chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1940 – Galen Hall, American football player and coach
- 1956 – Andy King, English footballer
- 1962 – Rameez Raja, Pakistani cricketer and sportscaster
- 1968 – Pravin Amre, Indian cricketer and coach
- 1971 – Pramodya Wickramasinghe, Sri Lankan cricketer
- 1979 – Jérémie Bréchet, French footballer
- 1989 – Florian Abel, German footballer
HOLIDAYS and OBSERVANCES:
- Independence Day, celebrates the day on which Pakistan was made an independent country based on border lines created by the British during the end of their rule of India in 1947. (Pakistan)
- Pramuka Day (Indonesia)
- Engineer’s Day (Dominican Republic)
