EVENTS:
- 1883 – An F5 tornado strikes Rochester, Minnesota, leading to the creation of the Mayo Clinic.
- 1888 – The first successful adding machine in the United States is patented by William Seward Burroughs.
- 1897 – Oldsmobile, a brand of American automobiles, is founded.
- 1957 – The Soviet Union successfully conducts a long-range test flight of the R-7 Semyorka, the first intercontinental ballistic missile.
- 1968 – James Anderson, Jr. posthumously receives the first Medal of Honor to be awarded to an African American U.S. Marine.
- 1986 – Carbon dioxide gas erupts from volcanic Lake Nyos in Cameroon, killing up to 1,800 people within a 20-kilometer range.
- 1991 – Latvia declares renewal of its full independence after the occupation of Soviet Union.
- 2013 – Hundreds of people are reported killed by chemical attacks in the Ghouta region of Syria.
- 2015 – Several of the train passengers subdue the perpetrator in a train heading to Paris, resulting in four injuries (including perpetrator himself) and no deaths.
- 2017 – An eclipse traverses the continental United States.
BIRTHS:
- 1754 – William Murdoch, Scottish engineer and inventor, created gas lighting (d. 1839)
- 1905 – Bipin Gupta, Indian actor (d. 1981)
- 1907 – P. Jeevanandham, Indian politician (d. 1963)
- 1908 – M. M. Kaye, Indian-English author and illustrator (d. 2004)
- 1921 – Jaymala Shiledar, Indian actor and singer (d. 2013)
- 1928 – Bud McFadin, American football player (d. 2006)
- 1934 – Sudhakarrao Naik, Indian politician, 13th Chief Minister of Maharashtra (d. 2001)
- 1954 – Archie Griffin, American football player
- 1961 – V. B. Chandrasekhar, Indian cricketer and coach
- 1967 – Darren Bewick, Australian footballer
- 1975 – Simon Katich, Australian cricketer
- 1978 – Bhumika Chawla, Indian actress
- 1984 – Barun Sobti, Indian actor
HOLIDAYS and OBSERVANCES:
- Consualia, in honor of Consus. (Roman Empire)
- Ninoy Aquino Day (Philippines)
