EVENTS:
- 1717 – The Premier Grand Lodge of England, the first Masonic Grand Lodge in the world (now the United Grand Lodge of England), is founded in London, England.
- 1793 – The first Republican constitution in France is adopted.
- 1813 – Battle of Beaver Dams: a British and Indian combined force defeats the United States Army.
- 1938 – Pieces of a meteor, estimated to have weighed 450 metric tons when it hit the Earth’s atmosphere and exploded, land near Chicora, Pennsylvania.
- 1995 – “Rugby World Cup final”: South Africa defeats New Zealand, Nelson Mandela presents Francois Pienaar with the Webb-Ellis trophy in an iconic post-apartheid moment.
- 2004 – In New York, capital punishment is declared unconstitutional.
- 2010 – John Isner of the United States defeats Nicolas Mahut of France at Wimbledon, in the longest match in professional tennis history.
- 2021 – The Champlain Towers South condominium in Surfside, Florida suffers a sudden partial collapse, killing 98 people inside.
- 2022 – In Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, the U.S. Supreme Court rules that the U.S. Constitution does not assign the authority to regulate abortions to the federal government, thereby returning such authority to the individual states. This overturns the prior decisions in Roe v. Wade (1973) and Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992).
- 2023 – The Wagner Group led by Yevgeny Prigozhin launches an insurrection against the Russian government.
BIRTHS:
- 1883 – Victor Francis Hess, Austrian-American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1964)
- 1897 – Omkarnath Thakur, Indian singer (d. 1967)
- 1927 – Martin Lewis Perl, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1955 – Edmund Malura, German footballer and manager
- 1976 – Brock Olivo, American football player and coach
- 1977 – Jeff Farmer, Australian footballer
- 1985 – Vernon Philander, South African cricketer
- 1986 – Stuart Broad, English cricketer
- 1897 – Omkarnath Thakur, Indian singer, musicologist, and academic (d. 1967)
- 1927 – Martin Lewis Perl, American physicist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2014)
- 1937 – Anita Desai, Indian-American author and academic
- 1941 – Graham McKenzie, Australian cricketer
- 1953 – William E. Moerner, American chemist and physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1982 – Kevin Nolan, English footballer
- 1985 – Tom Kennedy, English footballer
- 1987 – Josh Lillis, English footballer
- 1992 – David Alaba, Austrian footballer
HOLIDAYS and OBSERVANCES:
