EVENTS:
- 1425 – The Catholic University of Leuven is founded.
- 1946 – The Constituent Assembly of India meets for the first time to write the Constitution of India.
- 1958 – The John Birch Society is founded in the United States.
- 1961 – Tanganyika becomes independent from Britain.
- 1962 – The Petrified Forest National Park is established in Arizona.
- 1971 – The United Arab Emirates join the United Nations.
- 1971 – Indo-Pakistani War: The Indian Air Force executes an airdrop of Indian Army units, bypassing Pakistani defences.
- 2003 – A blast in the center of Moscow kills six people and wounds several more.
- 2013 – At least seven are dead and 63 are injured following a train accident near Bintaro, Indonesia.
- 2016 – At least 57 people are killed and a further 177 injured when two schoolgirl suicide bombers attack a market area in Madagali, Northeastern Nigeria in the Madagali suicide bombings.
- 2017 – Australia becomes the 26th country to legalize same-sex marriage.
BIRTHS:
- 1868 – Fritz Haber, Polish-German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1934)
- 1870 – Ida S. Scudder, Indian physician and missionary (d. 1960)
- 1917 – James Rainwater, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
- 1919 – V. Dakshinamoorthy, Indian singer-songwriter (d. 2013)
- 1919 – William Lipscomb, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2011)
- 1926 – Henry Way Kendall, American physicist, photographer, and mountaineer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
- 1942 – Dick Butkus, American football player, sportscaster, and actor
- 1947 – Allan Jones, English cricketer and umpire
- 1966 – Martin Taylor, English footballer
- 1967 – Jason Dozzell, English footballer and manager
- 1977 – Shayne Graham, American football player
- 1984 – Leon Hall, American football player
HOLIDAYS and OBSERVANCES:
- Independence Day, celebrate the independence of Tanganyika from Britain in 1961. (Tanzania)
- International Anti-Corruption Day (International)
- National Heroes Day, formerly V.C. Bird Day. (Antigua and Barbuda)
- Yuri’s Day in the Autumn (Russian Orthodox Church)
