EVENTS:
- 1888 – The stratovolcano Mount Bandai erupts killing approximately 500 people, in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan.
- 1922 – Japanese Communist Party is established in Japan.
- 1927 – Massacre of July 15, 1927: 89 protesters are killed by the Austrian police in Vienna.
- 1954 – First flight of the Boeing 367-80, prototype for both the Boeing 707 and C-135 series.
- 1975 – Space Race: Apollo–Soyuz Test Project features the dual launch of an Apollo spacecraft and a Soyuz spacecraft on the first joint Soviet-United States human-crewed flight. It was both the last launch of an Apollo spacecraft, and the Saturn family of rockets.
- 2006 – Twitter is launched, becoming one of the largest social media platforms in the world.
- 2014 – A train derails on the Moscow Metro, killing at least 24 and injuring more than 160 others.
- 2016 – Factions of the Turkish Armed Forces attempt a coup.
- 2018 – France win their second World Cup title, defeating Croatia 4–2.
BIRTHS:
- 1893 – Dick Rauch, American football player and coach (d. 1970)
- 1903 – K. Kamaraj, Indian politician (d. 1975)
- 1918 – Bertram Brockhouse, Canadian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2003)
- 1921 – Robert Bruce Merrifield, American biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2006)
- 1922 – Leon M. Lederman, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1933 – M. T. Vasudevan Nair, Indian author
- 1954 – Mario Kempes, Argentinian footballer and manager
- 1958 – Gary Heale, English footballer
- 1977 – André Nel, South African cricketer
- 1984 – Angelo Siniscalchi, Italian footballer
- 1999 – Mohamed Sobhy, Egyptian footballer
- 2005 – JuJu Watkins, American basketball player
