EVENTS:
- 1828 – Uruguay is formally proclaimed independent at preliminary peace talks brokered by the United Kingdom between Brazil and Argentina during the Cisplatine War.
- 1859 – Petroleum is discovered in Titusville, Pennsylvania leading to the world’s first commercially successful oil well.
- 1896 – Anglo-Zanzibar War: The shortest war in world history (09:00 to 09:45), between the United Kingdom and Zanzibar.
- 1910 – Mother Teresa was baptised and she received name Agnes.
- 1939 – First flight of the turbojet-powered Heinkel He 178, the world’s first jet aircraft.
- 1962 – The Mariner 2 unmanned space mission is launched to Venus by NASA.
- 1991 – The European Community recognizes the independence of the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
- 1991 – Moldova declares independence from the USSR.
- 2013 – The riots between two religious communities started at Muzaffarnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.
BIRTHS:
- 1874 – Carl Bosch, German chemist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1940)
- 1908 – Donald Bradman, Australian cricketer (d. 2001)
- 1915 – Norman Foster Ramsey, Jr., American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2011)
- 1916 – Tony Harris, South African cricketer and rugby player (d. 1993)
- 1947 – Gavin Pfuhl, South African cricketer and sportscaster (d. 2002)
- 1951 – Mack Brown, American football player and coach
- 1965 – Wayne James, Zimbabwean cricketer
- 1969 – Mark Ealham, English cricketer
- 1974 – Mohammad Yousuf, Pakistani cricketer
- 1980 – Neha Dhupia, Indian model and actress
HOLIDAYS and OBSERVANCES:
- Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Moldova from the USSR in 1991.
- Lyndon Baines Johnson Day (Texas)
- Volturnalia, held in honor of Volturnus. (Roman Empire)
